On This Day in History: November 13, Major World Events
This column records major world events that took place on November 13, each checked against authoritative sources, stated as facts only, with the country named for each entry.
1002, England. King Ethelred II ordered the killing of Danish settlers in England, in what became known as the St. Brice's Day massacre. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
1553, England. Lady Jane Grey, who had been queen of England for nine days at age 15, was tried for high treason; she pleaded guilty, was sentenced to death, and was executed in 1554. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
1850, United Kingdom. Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson was born in Edinburgh; his best-known works include Treasure Island and The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
1902, United Kingdom. Joseph Conrad's novella Heart of Darkness was first published in book form. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
1916, France. During World War I, the costly four-month Allied offensive against German positions along the Somme River ended around November 13. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
1927, United States. The Holland Tunnel opened to traffic as the first Hudson River vehicle tunnel linking New Jersey to New York City. Source: standard historical records.
1940, United States. Walt Disney's animated musical film Fantasia was first released at New York's Broadway Theatre, on the first night of a roadshow. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
1985, Colombia. Mount Ruiz in the Andes erupted twice, burying the town of Armero on the Lagunilla River and killing an estimated 25,000 people. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
2001, Afghanistan. The army of the anti-Taliban Northern Alliance captured the capital city of Kabul. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
2015, France. Terrorists staged coordinated attacks in Paris and its environs, the deadliest occurring at the Bataclan theatre and concert hall; in all, at least 130 people were killed and more than 350 were wounded. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13, featured event.
2017, United States. Mattel introduced the first official hijab-wearing Barbie doll, modeled after Olympic fencer Ibtihaj Muhammad. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica, On This Day page for November 13.
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Photo: 图：霍兰隧道的通行画面，该隧道 1927 年 11 月 13 日通车，为本栏目相关地点图。作者：Aude；授权：CC BY-SA 2.5，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: file photo. Credit: 作者：Aude；授权：CC BY-SA 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons.
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