国务院拟撤销多达20万份后来申请庇护者的B1/B2商务旅游签证

华盛顿讯 据美联社8月24日报道，美国国务院正在筹备一项大规模签证撤销行动：2016年至2026年间签发的B1/B2商务与旅游签证中，凡持有人入境后已经申请或正在申请庇护的，都在拟撤销之列。美联社援引国务院文件与两名美国官员称，受影响的签证最多可达20万份；若按此规模执行，这将是美国历史上最大规模的单次签证撤销行动。

国务院发言人 Tommy Pigott 在对美联社的在录表态中说：「我们正与国土安全部协调，识别并撤销那些声称来美作短期访问、却提交庇护申请以求在美永久居留的外国人所持的非移民签证。」他表示，撤销数量「将保持动态」，行动将滚动进行。国务院本身没有给出具体数字，20万份是美联社依据其所见文件与官员说法得出的上限估计。Pigott 在另一份声明中说：「签证是特权，不是权利。这类签证在签发时就有明确理解：持有人打算返回母国。以申请庇护为目的取得签证属于欺诈，构成撤销签证的理由。」

副国务卿 Christopher Landau 当天在社交平台 X 发文称：「美国和世界各地的人们已经受够了虚假的庇护申请。庇护不应该成为规避移民法的漏洞。」他表示，庇护制度本应是为因种族、宗教、国籍、特定社会群体成员身份或政治观点受迫害者提供的狭窄安全港。

按美联社的说法，这项行动预计在未来几周内正式宣布，由国务院与国土安全部协同执行。撤销签证并不必然导致立即遣返：庇护案件仍在审理中的大多数人将被转入其他移民类别继续等待裁决，但会失去商务或旅游访客的身份。截至报道发出时，该计划尚未最终定案。

这一拟议行动是本届政府持续收紧签证审查的一环。据美联社报道，在过去18个月里，国务院已撤销约17.5万份签证，对象多为被定罪或被指控犯罪的人。签证撤销的法律依据是《移民与国籍法》第221(i)条：国务卿可随时酌情撤销已签发的签证，这类决定的司法审查空间极小。

关联：

华人晒出国务院撤签通知 国务院生育旅游工作组已撤销700多名华人所持签证

Politico：国务院内部电报要求追溯审查2020年以来赴美生子签证记录

State Department Plans to Revoke Up to 200,000 B1/B2 Visas Held by Asylum Seekers

WASHINGTON — The U.S. State Department is preparing a sweeping visa revocation effort targeting foreigners who entered the country on business and tourist visas and later applied for asylum, the Associated Press reported on August 24. Citing State Department documents and two U.S. officials, AP said the plan would cover B1 and B2 visas issued between 2016 and 2026 whose holders have applied for or are seeking asylum — as many as 200,000 visas. If carried out at that scale, it would be the largest single mass revocation of visas in U.S. history.

"We are coordinating with DHS to identify and revoke the nonimmigrant visas of foreigners who have come to the United States claiming to be short-term visitors, but then file for asylum to stay here permanently," State Department spokesman Tommy Pigott told AP in an on-the-record statement. Pigott said the number of revocations "remains dynamic" and that they would be done on a rolling basis. The department itself gave no figure; the 200,000 number is AP's upper estimate drawn from the documents and officials. In a separate statement, Pigott said: "A visa is a privilege – not a right. These types of visas are issued with the clear understanding that they are for those who intend to return home. Obtaining a visa in order to seek asylum is fraud – which is grounds for visa revocation."

Deputy Secretary of State Christopher Landau posted on X the same day: "People in the US and all over the world are fed up with bogus asylum claims. Asylum isn't supposed to be a loophole to circumvent immigration law." He said asylum is meant to be a narrow safe harbor for people persecuted because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.

According to AP, the action was expected to be announced within the coming weeks, with the State Department working in coordination with the Department of Homeland Security. The revocations would not necessarily result in immediate deportation: most people with asylum cases still pending would be shifted into a different immigration category while their cases proceed, but they would lose their status as business or tourist visitors. As of the report, the plan had not been finalized.

The proposed move was part of a broader tightening of visa screening under the Trump administration. AP reported that over the past 18 months the State Department had revoked about 175,000 visas, mostly of people convicted of or accused of crimes. The legal basis for such revocations is Section 221(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, under which the Secretary of State may revoke an issued visa at any time, in his discretion, with extremely limited judicial review.

Related:

Chinese Visa Holders Post Revocation Notices as State Department Task Force Revokes 700+ Visas

Politico: State Department Cable Orders Retroactive Review of 'Birth Tourism' Visa and Travel Records Back to 2020

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：图：位于华盛顿的美国国务院总部 Harry S. Truman Building 外景。照片：美国国务院（U.S. Department of State），公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。Photo: Exterior of the Harry S. Truman Building, headquarters of the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C. Photo: U.S. Department of State (public domain), via Wikimedia Commons.

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