ꯑꯦ ꯍꯣꯌꯤꯠ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ (꯶): ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ, ꯏꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ — ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯀꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯇꯜ ꯔꯦꯂꯋꯦꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ, ꯱꯸꯷꯰–꯱꯹꯲꯰꯫

[ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ ꯅꯣꯠ] ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯒꯤ "ꯑꯦ ꯍꯣꯌꯤꯠ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯍꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯥꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ" ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯞꯇꯔ ꯶: ꯱꯸꯷꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯹꯲꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ — ꯔꯦꯂꯋꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯈꯤ, ꯏꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯃꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯍꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯣꯅꯣꯄꯣꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯁꯦꯟꯖꯥ-ꯊꯨꯃꯖꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫

[ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯡ]

꯱꯸꯶꯹ — ꯎꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯀꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯇꯜ ꯔꯦꯂꯋꯦꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫

꯱꯸꯸꯲ — ꯀꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯛꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯇ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫

꯱꯸꯹꯰ — ꯁꯦꯔꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯠꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯇ꯫

꯱꯸꯹꯸ — ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟ-ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯂꯥꯟ; ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯇꯣ ꯔꯤꯀꯣ, ꯒꯨꯋꯥꯍꯥꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯂꯤꯄꯤꯟꯁ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫

꯱꯹꯰꯶ — ꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯔ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯦꯛꯇ꯫

꯱꯹꯱꯳ — ꯐꯦꯗꯔꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ꯫

꯱꯹꯲꯰ — ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯦꯟꯗꯃꯦꯟꯇ: ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯛ꯫

꯱.ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯂꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ꯫

ꯁꯤꯚꯤꯜ ꯋꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯂꯋꯦꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ: ꯱꯸꯶꯹ꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯌꯟ ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯟꯇꯣꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤ; ꯱꯹꯰꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯁꯇꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯜ ꯱꯹꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ — ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯞ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ ꯀꯥꯔꯅꯦꯒꯤꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯁꯦꯃꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯃꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯈꯤ; ꯔꯦꯜ, ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯋꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯏꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯔꯣꯀꯐꯦꯜꯂꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯗꯥ ꯹꯰ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯃꯣꯔꯒꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯂꯋꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯕꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯃꯤꯠꯂꯣꯟ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫

ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ: ꯕꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯐꯣꯟ (꯱꯸꯷꯶), ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯕꯜꯕ (꯱꯸꯷꯹), ꯂꯤꯐꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯏꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯦꯄꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ — ꯃꯥꯔꯛ ꯇ꯭ꯕꯦꯏꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ “ꯒꯤꯜꯗ ꯑꯦꯖ” ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯅꯈꯤ꯫

꯲.ꯏꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯍꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯈꯤ꯫ ꯱꯹꯰꯰ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯹꯱꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯱꯴ ꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ; ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯌꯣꯔꯀꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯥꯏꯂꯦꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯋꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ, ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯀꯝꯝꯌꯨꯅꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯱꯸꯸꯲ꯗꯥ ꯀꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯛꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯇ ꯄꯥꯁ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ — ꯖꯥꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯟ꯫

ꯁꯍꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯊꯪꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯂꯀꯈꯤ: ꯇꯦꯅꯦꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯅꯈꯤ, ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯃꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯇꯔꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ; ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯨꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫

ꯄꯨꯡ ꯸ꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯏꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯅꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯆꯤꯀꯥꯒꯣꯗꯥ ꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯦꯗꯃꯁꯅꯥ ꯍꯜ ꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ, ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯒꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ — ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯕꯥꯟ ꯔꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

꯳.ꯐ꯭ꯔꯟꯇꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯖꯁ, ꯅꯦꯁꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯁꯤꯖꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯉꯊꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯇꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯟꯇꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯖꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ: ꯔꯦꯂꯋꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯦꯕꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯏꯊꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯕꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ; ꯱꯸꯹꯰ꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯗ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯐꯦꯂꯣ ꯍꯦꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯍꯣꯃꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯅꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ꯫

꯱꯸꯹꯸ꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯁꯣꯛꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯇꯣ ꯔꯤꯀꯣ, ꯒꯨꯋꯥꯍꯥꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯂꯤꯄꯤꯟꯁ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯕꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯈꯤ — ꯔꯤꯄꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯝꯄꯥꯋꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫

꯴.ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯔꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ "ꯃꯛꯀꯔꯦꯀꯤꯡ" ꯄꯥꯎꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ: ꯑꯄꯇꯟ ꯁꯤꯅꯛꯂꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯚꯦꯜ ꯗ ꯖꯉ꯭ꯒꯂꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯀꯥꯒꯣꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯔꯣꯅꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯉꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯹꯰꯶ꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯔ ꯐꯨꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯈꯤ꯫

ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤ ꯔꯨꯖꯕꯦꯜꯇꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯔꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯣꯅꯣꯄꯣꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯴꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯀꯠꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯀꯔ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯲꯳꯰ ꯔꯣꯝ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯔꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯇꯥꯐꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯤꯂꯁꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯈꯤ: ꯐꯦꯗꯔꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯔꯚ (꯱꯹꯱꯳), ꯏꯅꯀꯝ ꯇꯦꯛꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯅꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯈꯜ꯫

꯵.ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯥ꯫

꯱꯸꯴꯸ꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯅꯦꯀꯥ ꯐꯣꯜꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯖꯪ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯷꯰ ꯆꯠꯊꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯨꯁꯥꯟ ꯕꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯊꯣꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯸꯷꯲ꯗꯥ ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯆꯠꯊꯈꯤ; ꯱꯹꯱꯷ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯤꯀꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ — "ꯁꯥꯏꯂꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯂꯁ" — ꯍꯣꯌꯤꯠ ꯍꯥꯎꯁꯀꯤ ꯒꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯅꯥꯔꯁ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯐꯥꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ꯫

꯱꯹꯲꯰ꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯦꯟꯗꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯈꯤ: ꯚꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ "ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ꯫" ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯒꯅꯇꯟꯠꯔꯒꯤ ꯉꯃꯈꯩ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ꯫

(ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯞꯇꯔ: ꯱꯹꯱꯴–꯱꯹꯴꯵, ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ꯫)

Daaih Dieh: GSM · United States (English edition · Zinh Ndaangc Chinese edition)

Yaangh: 图：1902年，抵达纽约埃利斯岛的移民在移民站主楼前列队等候检查。图片来源：美国国家公园管理局／Wikimedia Commons（公共领域）。Immigrants newly arrived at Ellis Island, New York, waiting in line outside the main building, 1902. Source: U.S. National Park Service / Wikimedia Commons (public domain).

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